A Cross-Sectional Study on Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Return and Disposal of Unused Medications among General Public in Sibu

Abstract

Introduction:

Inappropriate disposal of unused medications can have negative consequences on the environment and public health. There is a concern that the general public may dispose of unused medications inappropriately due to convenience and lack of pertinent knowledge. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and practice of the general public toward the return and disposal of unused medications.

Methods:

A cross-sectional study was conducted from August to December 2019. Convenience sampling was employed and 500 respondents among the general public in Sibu were recruited. A validated questionnaire on knowledge, attitude, and practice toward the return and disposal of unused medications was used to collect responses.

Results:

The majority of respondents showed positive attitudes and practices on the return and disposal of unused medications. In terms of knowledge, a mean knowledge score of 5.43 out of 10.0 was observed. A vast majority of respondents acknowledge that inappropriate disposal of unused medication may harm the environment (92.0%). However, only about one-fifth know that incineration is a recommended method (18.8%). Nevertheless, most respondents perceived that unused medications should be returned to pharmacies (81.6%). There is a statistically significant positive relationship between respondents’ education level and knowledge of appropriate disposal (P=0.002).

Conclusion:

Pharmacists play an integral role in creating public awareness of safe medication disposal practices, with the hope that the resultant improved knowledge translates to the desired practice. Therefore, every opportunity of patient interaction should be utilised to highlight the importance of returning unused medication and safe medication disposal methods.